Innocent Days

いずみ

spring; fountain; source

I found a clear spring deep in the forest.

Refers to a natural source of water coming from the ground. Figuratively, it can mean the source of something.

subject marker particle; but

It's a night when the stars are beautifully visible.

Marks the grammatical subject, especially for new information or in subordinate clauses. Emphasizes what performs the action. Also means 'but' when connecting clauses.

わきたつ

to billow up; to surge up; to well up with force

Cumulonimbus clouds billow up in the summer sky.

湧き立つ is an intransitive verb used for clouds, steam, liquid, excitement, or emotion rising vigorously.

かわ

river; stream

This river flows through the city.

A general word for a river or stream.

topic marker particle

This year, the cherry blossoms bloomed early.

Marks the topic of a sentence - what the sentence is about. Often implies contrast with other possible topics. Written as は but pronounced 'wa'. Differs from が which marks the grammatical subject.

swell (of waves); undulation; winding

Large swells caused by the typhoon washed up on the shore.

Refers to large, rolling waves or a winding, undulating movement/shape.

いく

to go; to proceed; to travel

I go to the park.

行く means 'to go' and indicates movement away from the speaker's location. It's an irregular verb: past tense is 行った (いった), て-form is 行って (いって). Can also be read as ゆく.

you (polite)

Please tell me your name.

あなた is a polite second-person pronoun 'you', but often avoided in favor of names/titles. Between spouses, wives may call husbands あなた (similar to 'dear'). Can sound distant or rude if overused. Better to use name+さん when possible.